Indonesia Population

Population now

283,742,944
  • World: 4th
  • Asia: 3rd
Male:142,787,653(50.32 %)
Female:140,955,291(49.68 %)
Births in 2024:3,360,453
Deaths in 2024:1,400,019

Life expectancy & Rates (2024)

Male:70.37 years
Female:74.94 years
Total:72.60 years
Median Age:29.75 years
Birth Rate:16.49
Death Rate:6.87
Growth Rate:1.40 %
Fertility Rate:2.20

Population Data Graphs

  • Total population
  • Birth & Death rate
  • Life expectancy
  • Median Age
  • Population structure (mid 2024)
  • Urbanization

Indonesia Population Review

The country of Indonesia is the fourth-largest country in the world by population. It has a population of 273.8 million people spread out over 17,000 islands and over 1.9 million square miles of land. The Java Island has about 56.7% of Indonesia’s population, which makes it the world’s most populous island. The country’s current population density is at 140 individuals per square kilometer.

The country has had an effective family planning program in place since 1967. However, Indonesia’s population growth is still high at 1.66%. At that rate, Indonesia is predicted to surpass the United States’ population by 2050.

A relatively young population

Compared to Western nations, Indonesia’s population is quite young. The country’s current median age is 28.7 and though it is slowly rising, it is only predicted to hit 36 years of age by 2050. People aged 20 to 54 account for over 50% of the country’s total population, and this age group is of significant importance for their high earning and purchasing power. This age group accounts for almost 78% of the country’s employed population and their gross income is 75% of the gross national income—making this youthful population the single biggest driver of the country’s economy and consumerism.

A tremendous increase in urbanization

The country’s rapid development in the 1970s drove a high urbanization rate that started to skyrocket in the late 1980s and eventually surpassed the rural population in 2010. By then, 40% of the country’s population had moved to an urban area and Jakarta—Indonesia’s largest city—has reached a population density of 14,400 people per square kilometer. In contrast, the country’s allover population density was around 151 people per square kilometer. The country currently has 15,785 urban subdivisions.

An ethnic meeting point

Indonesia is situated at the border of two of the world’s largest population groups: Asians and Melanesians. This has resulted in a country of extraordinary diversity that is reflected in the people, language, and culture. There are over 300 ethnic groups that call Indonesia home and more than 600 distinct languages. Almost all the major world religions and many indigenous ones are practiced freely in Indonesia, though a large majority of people identify as being from Malay heritage and speak Malayo-Polynesian languages and follow Islam.

An expanding literacy rate

When Indonesia was a colony of the Dutch, the Dutch government did not provide university-level education to Indonesians and opportunities for even primary and secondary levels of schooling were limited. Since independence, the government has placed increasing importance on the education of the people and the country’s literacy rate has risen to 95% for adults over 15 years of age. This is in contrast to a literacy rate of only 67% in 1980.

Tourism and the economy

Tourism is a large component of Indonesia’s economy and the country was ranked 20th in the world tourist industry in 2017. It is the ninth-fastest growing tourist sector in the world and the third-fastest growing in Asia. Tourism provides eight percent of the country’s GDP and attracted some 20 million tourists in 2019. Much of Indonesia’s tourism is international, with 16 million foreign tourists in 2019. Singapore, Malaysia, China, Australia and Japan are the top sources of tourists for Indonesia. The country is ranked as one of Lonely Planet’s top 10 countries to visit in the world.

A dropping poverty rate

As an emerging middle-income country, Indonesia has made incredible gains in reducing poverty and has cut the country’s poverty rate in half in twenty years, dropping it to 9.4% in 2019. Out of 273.8 million people, around 25 million still live below the international poverty line and 20% of the entire population remains vulnerable of falling into poverty.

Review Updated: August 13, 2020

Indonesia Population History

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YearTotalMaleFemaleSex RatioGrowth rateBirth rateDeath rateFerti­lity rate
Life exp., total
Life expectancy
Life exp., maleLife exp., femaleMedian AgeUrbani­zation
Density, people / km2
Density, people/km2
196088M44M44M0.991.32%44.5519.185.6746.6644.4849.0119.1814.59%45.72
196190M45M45M0.991.37%44.2618.675.6647.2845.1049.6019.0314.82%46.94
196293M46M47M0.991.42%43.9118.175.6547.8845.7150.1918.9015.06%48.20
196395M47M48M0.991.46%43.5317.675.6348.4746.3250.7518.7615.30%49.50
196498M49M49M0.991.51%43.1217.175.6249.0546.9351.3118.6015.54%50.85
1965100M50M50M0.991.56%42.6916.685.6149.6347.5351.8518.4215.79%52.24
1966103M51M52M0.991.61%42.2316.205.6050.2148.1552.3918.2116.04%53.67
1967106M53M53M0.991.66%41.7415.725.5850.7948.7752.9317.9916.29%55.15
1968109M54M55M0.991.70%41.1915.245.5651.3749.4053.4617.7916.55%56.67
1969112M56M56M0.991.75%40.6014.775.5251.9650.0354.0017.6416.81%58.22
1970115M57M58M0.991.79%39.9714.315.4752.5550.6754.5417.5517.07%59.81
1971118M59M59M0.991.84%39.3213.865.4153.1451.3055.0717.4517.34%61.41
1972121M60M61M0.991.88%38.6513.425.3453.7251.9355.6017.4017.78%63.05
1973124M62M62M11.92%37.9713.015.2554.2952.5356.1217.4118.28%64.71
1974127M64M64M11.96%37.2912.615.1554.8453.1356.6417.4518.79%66.39
1975131M65M65M11.99%36.6212.235.0455.3953.7057.1517.5119.32%68.08
1976134M67M67M12.03%35.9711.874.9355.9254.2757.6517.5819.85%69.79
1977137M69M69M12.06%35.3311.534.8156.4554.8258.1417.6720.40%71.52
1978141M70M70M12.10%34.7011.214.6856.9755.3758.6417.7920.96%73.26
1979144M72M72M12.13%34.0710.894.5657.4955.9159.1317.9321.52%75.03
1980147M74M74M12.16%33.4310.594.4358.0056.4459.6118.0822.10%76.82
1981151M75M76M12.18%32.7510.314.3058.4956.9660.0718.2222.82%78.64
1982154M77M77M12.19%32.0210.034.1758.9757.4660.5218.3723.61%80.48
1983158M79M79M12.20%31.259.774.0359.4257.9460.9518.5424.42%82.32
1984162M81M81M12.19%30.439.533.8959.8658.4161.3618.7325.24%84.15
1985165M82M83M12.18%29.599.303.7560.2958.8561.7618.9426.09%85.95
1986168M84M84M12.17%28.759.083.6160.7059.2962.1519.1626.95%87.72
1987172M86M86M12.15%27.948.883.4761.1159.7162.5419.4327.84%89.45
1988175M88M87M1.012.13%27.188.693.3561.5160.1262.9319.7128.74%91.16
1989178M89M89M1.012.11%26.478.513.2361.9260.5363.3320.0029.65%92.84
1990181M91M90M1.012.09%25.818.343.1262.3260.9463.7320.2930.58%94.51
1991185M93M92M1.012.08%25.198.183.0262.7361.3564.1320.5931.61%96.17
1992188M94M94M1.012.06%24.588.042.9363.1361.7764.5220.8832.70%97.81
1993191M96M95M12.04%23.987.902.8463.5362.1864.9021.1733.81%99.43
1994194M97M97M12.01%23.417.782.7663.9262.5865.2721.4734.93%101.03
1995197M99M98M11.98%22.887.672.6964.2962.9765.6321.7836.08%102.60
1996200M100M100M11.96%22.447.592.6364.6463.3265.9622.0937.24%104.15
1997203M101M101M11.93%22.107.532.5864.9563.6366.2822.4238.41%105.67
1998206M103M103M11.92%21.897.502.5465.2463.9066.5822.7639.59%107.18
1999209M104M104M11.91%21.797.482.5265.5164.1466.8823.1040.79%108.69
2000212M106M106M11.91%21.777.482.5165.7764.3567.1923.4342.00%110.20
2001214M107M107M11.92%21.817.462.5166.0464.5567.5123.6842.78%111.71
2002217M109M108M11.94%21.867.432.5166.3264.7767.8623.9243.57%113.24
2003220M110M110M1.011.96%21.887.382.5166.6365.0168.2524.1644.36%114.78
2004223M112M111M1.011.99%21.857.302.5266.9765.2868.6724.3845.15%116.33
2005226M114M113M1.012.02%21.777.202.5167.3365.5869.1124.5945.94%117.89
2006229M115M114M1.012.05%21.627.092.5167.7265.9069.5724.9146.74%119.47
2007232M117M116M1.012.08%21.456.972.5168.1166.2370.0325.2447.54%121.06
2008235M118M117M1.012.10%21.256.852.5068.4966.5570.4725.5748.34%122.68
2009239M120M118M1.012.12%21.036.742.4968.8566.8770.9125.8849.13%124.32
2010242M122M120M1.022.13%20.806.652.4869.2167.1871.3126.1749.91%125.99
2011245M123M122M1.022.12%20.536.582.4769.5467.4971.6926.4650.60%127.70
2012248M125M123M1.022.10%20.236.522.4669.8767.7872.0526.7351.28%129.44
2013252M127M125M1.022.07%19.896.472.4470.1868.0872.3826.9851.96%131.19
2014255M129M127M1.012.03%19.546.442.4170.4868.3772.7027.2552.64%132.92
2015258M130M128M1.011.99%19.176.422.3970.7768.6572.9927.5353.31%134.61
2016262M132M130M1.011.93%18.796.422.3671.0468.9173.2627.7553.99%136.27
2017265M133M131M1.011.86%18.426.432.3471.2869.1673.5228.0054.66%137.88
2018268M135M133M1.011.79%18.076.472.3171.5169.3873.7528.2655.33%139.45
2019271M136M134M1.011.73%17.756.512.2971.7269.5773.9728.5155.99%140.99
2020274M138M136M1.011.66%17.456.572.2771.9169.7574.1728.7456.64%142.50
2021276M139M137M1.011.66%17.456.572.2771.9169.7574.1729.0057.29%143.98
2022279M141M139M1.011.66%17.456.572.2771.9169.7574.1729.2557.93%145.43
2023282M142M140M1.011.46%16.736.802.2272.4370.2174.7529.4958.57%146.84
2024284M143M141M1.011.40%16.496.872.2072.6070.3774.9429.7559.20%148.22

Indonesia Population Projections

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  • 10 years
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YearTotalMaleFemaleSex RatioGrowth rateBirth rateDeath rateFerti­lity rate
Life exp., total
Life expectancy
Life exp., maleLife exp., femaleMedian AgeUrbani­zation
Density, people / km2
Density, people/km2
2025287M144M143M1.011.34%16.256.952.1872.7770.5275.1330.0359.83%149.57
2026290M146M144M1.011.28%16.067.042.1672.9470.6875.3130.2960.45%150.89
2027292M147M145M1.011.23%15.887.132.1573.1170.8475.4930.5661.06%152.18
2028295M148M146M1.011.17%15.697.232.1373.2871.0175.6830.8461.66%153.45
2029297M149M148M1.011.12%15.517.322.1273.4571.1775.8631.1362.25%154.68
2030299M150M149M1.011.07%15.327.412.1073.6271.3376.0431.4162.84%155.88
2031301M151M150M1.011.02%15.177.522.0973.7871.4976.2131.6863.42%157.05
2032304M152M151M1.010.97%15.017.632.0773.9571.6576.3731.9563.99%158.18
2033306M153M152M1.010.92%14.867.732.0674.1171.8076.5432.2264.55%159.28
2034308M154M153M1.010.88%14.707.842.0474.2871.9676.7032.5065.10%160.35
2035310M155M154M1.010.83%14.557.952.0374.4472.1276.8732.7865.65%161.38
2036312M156M155M1.010.79%14.418.072.0274.6072.2877.0333.0466.18%162.38
2037314M157M156M1.010.74%14.278.192.0174.7672.4477.1933.3066.70%163.34
2038315M158M157M10.70%14.148.312.0074.9272.5977.3433.5667.22%164.27
2039317M159M158M10.66%14.008.431.9975.0872.7577.5033.8367.72%165.15
2040319M160M159M10.62%13.868.551.9875.2472.9177.6634.0968.21%166.01
2041320M160M160M10.58%13.738.671.9775.4073.0777.8134.3168.68%166.82
2042322M161M161M10.55%13.608.791.9675.5573.2377.9634.5369.16%167.59
2043323M162M161M10.51%13.468.911.9575.7173.3878.1134.7569.63%168.33
2044324M162M162M10.48%13.339.031.9475.8673.5478.2634.9870.10%169.03
2045326M163M163M10.44%13.209.151.9376.0273.7078.4135.2370.56%169.69
2046327M164M163M10.41%13.089.261.9276.1773.8678.5535.4771.02%170.31
2047328M164M164M10.38%12.969.371.9176.3274.0178.6935.7171.47%170.89
2048329M165M165M10.35%12.849.491.9176.4774.1778.8435.9671.92%171.43
2049330M165M165M10.33%12.729.601.9076.6274.3278.9836.2072.36%171.93
2050331M165M165M10.30%12.609.711.8976.7774.4879.1236.4472.81%172.40

Highest City Populations in Indonesia

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RankCityPopulation, Urban AreaPopulation, City
1Jakarta11,029,4868,540,121
2Bekasi3,590,1402,564,940
3Surabaya2,995,6132,874,314
4Depok2,912,131104,527
5Bandung2,629,1822,444,160
6Tangerang2,439,2171,911,914
7Medan2,392,3282,402,000
8Semarang1,927,7591,653,524
9Palembang1,775,8971,668,848
10Batam1,665,6561,164,352
11Ujung Pandang1,633,466-
12Pekan Baru1,261,613-
13Bogor1,200,1731,099,422
14Tasikmalaya1,149,923271,143
15Bandar Lampung1,131,4571,138,000
16Samarinda1,062,466831,460
17Denpasar1,024,742834,881
18Padang1,009,880909,040
19Malang903,871843,810
20Banjarmasin753,302657,663
21Balikpapan706,017433,866
22Pontianak690,302658,685
23Jambi644,871606,200
24Ambon547,595347,288
25Surakarta536,293522,364
26Mataram524,586429,651
27Yogyakarta451,009453,000
28Manado451,578451,916
29Bengkulu419,155373,591
30Sukabumi348,578276,414
31Jayapura325,293327,000
32Cirebon325,862327,000
33Pekalongan320,578307,097

Map of Indonesia

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